阿迪達斯:如果這鞋適合的話......
譯者按:阿迪達斯與銳步的“姻親”是典型的取長補短,阿迪達斯在專業(yè)運動尤其是足球運動方面是獨領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷,而銳步則把時尚成功引入運動準備;阿迪達斯在歐洲和亞洲都很強大,而銳步在北美表現(xiàn)十分出色,二者結(jié)合是相得益彰,十分的互補。
近年來有人主張中國的運動鞋也應(yīng)該走合并壯大規(guī)模之路,此舉應(yīng)該十分的慎重為妙。目前中國的國產(chǎn)運動鞋市場上雖然有不少的品牌,但是這些品牌的定位模糊,特質(zhì)也不明顯。沒有特質(zhì),就談不上互補,勉強的合并只能把“肥馬拖瘦,瘦馬拖死”,中國的運動鞋市場還在發(fā)展之中,遠未及歐洲和北美市場的成熟,塵埃落定之時可能還要許多年之后。
首席執(zhí)行官赫伯特.海勒(Herbert Hainer)說明了銳步交易后的邏輯,以及他為什么把合并后的公司視為一個巨大的進步。
阿迪達斯-薩拉蒙的首席執(zhí)行官赫伯特.海納可能是歐洲身體最好的CEO之一,證據(jù)就是他經(jīng)常穿著他的公司最具有標志性之一的產(chǎn)品:跑鞋。這位瘦長的前半職業(yè)足球運動員最近幾周需要耗費大量的精力,因為他最終毅然決定了阿迪達斯38億美元對總部在坎頓(Canton)(馬薩諸塞州)的體育服裝制造商銳步國際的并購。
在8月3日宣布這個交易之前,海納和他的員工和顧問在阿迪達斯的總部巴伐利亞(Bavarian)的赫爾佐根奧拉赫(Herzogenaurach)通宵達旦的工作。之后,海納立即展開世界之旅向投資界宣傳這筆交易的價值,他在法蘭克福與《商業(yè)周刊》(美國,譯者注)的歐洲地區(qū)的編輯杰克.艾得文(Jack Ewing)展開了對話,下面是他們對話的節(jié)選:
問:你剛剛完成了在倫敦和法蘭克福的巡回說明,下周還將在紐約和波士頓重演,你希望從投資者和分析家那里得到怎樣的反應(yīng)?
答:良好的反應(yīng),我估計。最好的衡量辦法總是股票價格,股價的反應(yīng)相當積極。我想大多數(shù)人的反應(yīng)都是積極的。
問:在交易宣布之后,你在電話會議上提到并購將會提升你們的產(chǎn)品研發(fā),你打算將來合并阿迪達斯和銳步的研發(fā)部門嗎?
答:我們肯定會保持兩個品牌的分離,但是它們肯定會在研發(fā)方面分享更多的信息,例如專利和新技術(shù)。
我們的研發(fā)部門可以比在阿迪達斯公司之內(nèi)有更多的創(chuàng)新和新技術(shù)。你需要資金,你需要人才,你需要精力,所有的這些東西你都肯定可以在更寬的基礎(chǔ)上來分享。一個技術(shù)可以從阿迪達斯品牌開始,在一年后引進到銳步。
問:有一個概念是阿迪達斯代表了德國的工程師,是跑鞋中的寶馬(the BMW),而銳步更多的是街頭的時尚,這一點對嗎?畢竟,你來自寶潔(Procter & Gamble)而不是寶馬。
答:但是我們剛剛宣布了一個與保時捷(Porsche)的合作!我要說對德國人來說,(這個概念)它是一個陳辭濫調(diào)?這一點過去是對的,現(xiàn)在我不敢肯定。我們現(xiàn)在肯定是更加專業(yè)的體育方面的品牌,希望成為在革新和向市場推出新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品方面的領(lǐng)袖。而銳步更多的是美國的運動和生活方式-受到音樂鼓動的品牌。
問:你說了品牌的特質(zhì)將保持分離,你認為品牌的特質(zhì)將會徹底的改變嗎?
答:不,我不這樣認為。我們肯定是較多的植根于歐洲的體育、例如足球方面的運動品牌。銳步更多的是與美國體育聯(lián)系在一起,例如棒球和美式足球。
問:你如何保證增效的效應(yīng),同時,保持每個品牌的特質(zhì)?
答:我認為這兩個品牌是十分互補的,從地域開始。銳步在美國比我們要強,但是我們在歐洲和亞洲要強得多。當你注意運動的種類…他們在女性業(yè)務(wù)方面十分強勁,(尤其是)女性有氧健身。我們有個人運動,跑步和網(wǎng)球。
消費者的基礎(chǔ)是不同的,我們朝向的是真正的運動員和體育專業(yè)人士,而銳步更多的是時尚和音樂聯(lián)系在一起。銳步在城市黑人的市場上無疑比我我們強得多,這方面我們根本沒有消費者的基礎(chǔ)。
問:哪些部門你想組合到一起,哪些你想保持分離?
答:前臺,營銷和銷售,我們將保持分離。所有的后臺,行政,我們肯定會合并。無疑我們能夠做很多事,從媒體的競買權(quán)到外包,我們的產(chǎn)品外包接近50億歐元(61.5億美元),肯定有增效的方面。
問:例如,你將會有聯(lián)合的媒體竟買,但是富有創(chuàng)造力的廣告方面將保持分離?
答:完全正確。涉及到媒體竟買的時候,當然我們會運用這一點獲取規(guī)模上的經(jīng)濟好處。
問:讓我們回到這個是如何開始的,你和銳步的CEO保羅.費爾曼(Paul Fireman)是在去年的雅典奧運會上初次相遇的?
答:我認識保羅已經(jīng)好幾年了,我們之前在好幾個場合都碰過面。我們因為生意的原因都在雅典,我們一起喝了次咖啡。我們談到了生意、市場,當然還有美國,因為我們兩個都不滿意我們在美國的地位,如果與我們的主要競爭者(耐克)比較的話。這個我把它稱為起點。
(后來)我們通過電話保持聯(lián)系。之后,我想該是在11月,我在美國的事辦完了,就給保羅打了個電話,說:“有時間吃午飯嗎?”我們坐到了一起--然后,這個主意真的變成了現(xiàn)實,密集的商談開始了。
問:你認為與銳步的談判中最艱難的部分是什么?
答:我確實也認為這對于保羅來說這是一個傷感的決定,因為這是它的孩子。他建立了這個公司,讓它成長起來--要賣掉它并不容易。但是他是一個非常職業(yè)的生意人,你可以從他的感受中了解到,“如果我想看到我的公司在未來繼續(xù)成長,健康發(fā)展,那么最好是我與別人同行!睂τ谒裕@而易見的伙伴就是阿迪達斯。
問:為什么這個比薩拉蒙(這個滑雪和體育裝備制造商正在賣給芬蘭的Amer體育公司的程序之中)的并購要好?
答:我希望我們已經(jīng)從薩拉蒙的并購中了解到什么做對了,什么做錯了。公平的講,在薩拉蒙里面,Taylor Made(高爾夫產(chǎn)品)部分表現(xiàn)得非常之好,薩拉蒙的部分經(jīng)營得不好。冬季運動和裝備業(yè)務(wù)是與運動鞋和服裝完全不同的東西。
銳步的生意--這是我們已經(jīng)從事了75年事情,營銷運動鞋和服裝。我們熟悉這一行業(yè)的所有運動員,我們熟悉如何生產(chǎn),我們熟悉如何營銷,我們熟悉零售伙伴,我們熟悉銳步的實力與弱點,因為我們的工作就是分析競爭對手。這與8年前是完全不同的事情。
問:你預(yù)計你的這個動作會引發(fā)這一行業(yè)其它動作嗎?
答:我個人認為合并還會繼續(xù)。
問:什么樣的交易我們將會看到?
答:我不知道。昨天每一個人都在猜測耐克是否會收購彪馬。
(引自Business Week,翻譯:Rainpoem)
Adidas:If the shoes fits…
CEO Herbert Hainer explains the logic behind the Reebok deal, and why he sees the combined outfit making great strides
Adidas-Salomon CEO Herbert Hainer may be one of the fittest CEOs in Europe -- testimony to how much time he spends using one of his company s signature products: running shoes. The slender, former semi-pro soccer player needed plenty of stamina in recent weeks as he feverishly put the final touches on Adidas $3.8 billion acquisition of Canton (Mass.) -based sports apparel maker Reebok International (see BW Online, 8/4/05, "Reebok and Adidas: A Good Fit").
Before announcing the deal Aug. 3, Hainer and his staff and advisers worked through the night at Adidas headquarters in the Bavarian town of Herzogenaurach. Then Hainer immediately set out on a worldwide tour to sell the investment community on the merits of the deal. He took time to speak with BusinessWeek European Regional Editor Jack Ewing in Frankfurt. Edited excerpts of their conversation follow:
Q: You ve just done road shows in London and Frankfurt, and next week you ll be doing the same in New York and Boston. What kind of reaction are you getting from investors and analysts?
A: Good, I guess. The best measurement is always the share price, and the share price reacted quite positively. I believe the majority of people are reacting positively.
Q: On the conference call after the deal was announced you mentioned that the acquisition will improve your product development. Are you going to be combining Adidas and Reebok research and development?
A: We definitely will keep the two brands separated but they definitely will share much more information on the R&D side, such as patents or new technology.
Our R&D department is developing more innovations and technologies than we can launch within the Adidas group. You need the money, you need the people, you need the energy and [all] this you can definitely share on a much broader base. A certain technology could start with the Adidas brand and be introduced to Reebok a year later.
Q: There is a perception that Adidas represents the German engineers, the BMW of running shoes, while Reebok (RBK ) is more the style of the street. Is that true? After all, you come from Procter & Gamble (PG ), not BMW.
A: But we have just announced a cooperation with Porsche! I would say for the Germans [the perception] is a clich?that was right in the past. I m not sure it s correct now. We are definitely the more dedicated sports- performance brand which wants to be the leader in innovation and bringing new technological performance products to the market. Whereas Reebok is much more the American sports and lifestyle- and music-inspired brand.
Q: You said the brand identities are going to remain separate. Do you see the brand identities changing at all?
A: No, I don t think so. We will definitely be the sports-performance brand rooted in more European sports like football. Reebok is much more linked with American sports such as baseball, American football.
Q: How do you make sure you get the synergies and, at the same time, keep each brand s identity?
A: I believe the brands are very complementary. Start with the geographical areas. Reebok is stronger in the U.S. than we, but we are much stronger in Europe and Asia. When you look at sports categories...they are very strong in women s business, [especially] women s aerobic fitness. We have the individual sports, running or tennis.
The consumer base is different. We go to the real athletes and sports performance people, where Reebok is more linked to fashion and music. Reebok is definitely much [stronger] with the black urban market, where we don t have a consumer base at all.
Q: Which departments do you put together and which do you keep separate?
A: The front end, marketing and sales, we will keep separate. All the back office, administration, we definitely will combine. We definitely can do a lot. It starts with our buying power in the media, and sourcing. We are sourcing close to 5 billion euros ($6.15 billion) in products. There must be synergies you can take out.
Q: For instance, you would have joint media buying, but the creative side of your advertising will stay separate?
A: Exactly. When it comes to media buying, of course we will use that to get some economies of scale.
Q: Let s go back to how this got started. You and Reebok CEO Paul Fireman first met at the Athens Olympics last year?
A: I ve known Paul for several years and we had met before on several occasions. We were for business reasons both in Athens. We had a cup of coffee. We talked about the business, about the market, and of course about the U.S. because we both are not happy about our position in the U.S. vis-a-vis our main competitor [Nike (NKE )]. This I would call the starting point.
[Afterward] we stayed in contact via telephone. Then, I think it was in November, I was over in the U.S. and I called Paul and said, "Do you have time for lunch?" We were sitting together -- and then the idea really became reality. And the intense discussions started.
Q: What was the most difficult part of the Reebok negotiations?
A: I do believe for Paul it was an emotional decision as well because this is his baby, he founded the company, he built it up -- to sell it is not so easy. But he is a very professional business guy. You can see he felt, "If I want to see my company growing in the future and staying healthy then it is better I go together with somebody." It was clear the obvious partner for him was Adidas.
Q: Why will this work better than your acquisition of Salomon [the ski and sports equipment maker which Adidas is in the process of selling to Finland s Amer Sports Corp.]?
A: I hope we have learned out of the Salomon acquisition what went well and what went wrong. It s fair to say within Salomon that the Taylor Made [golf products] part went extremely well. The Salomon part didn t run so well. The winter [sports] and hardware business is a different animal than the sneaker and apparel business.
The Reebok business -- this is what we ve been doing for 75 years, marketing sport shoes and apparel. We know all the players in the industry, we know how to produce, we know how to market, we know the retail partners. We know the strengths and weaknesses of Reebok because our job was to analyze our competitors. This is definitely a different thing than eight years ago.
Q: Do you expect the move you have made to prompt other moves in the industry?
A: I personally believe consolidation will continue.
Q: Any ideas about what kind of deals we might see?
A: I don t know. Everybody was speculating yesterday whether Nike is buying Puma.
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